Online ID / age verification
The thesis behind the proposal— which I critique here — is that the offline world is safe for children because of the measures put in place to protect them, but the online world is not. Spoiler: the offline world is not "safe for children", even with the protections and rules which are in place. And it's certainly not safe for children by default. (Update: Thanks to Jess Figueras for her feedback on this bit.)
Part of the current proposal is to compel some website and service operators to implement ID or age verification. In other words, forcing users to prove who they are, or at least how old they are, before they can access the restricted content... More here.
Take your time, read it all and learn something...